4steps from the big bang
121things can go into it
hafnium oxide
MaterialSubstance
Since 2007, a layer of it a few atoms thick has insulated each transistor's gate, stopping current leaking through.
First appeared2007 (19 yrs ago)
Made Of
Everything is made of something.← What it takes
What it leads to →
Made from
Made with
Goes into
Since 2007, a layer of it a few atoms thick has insulated each transistor's gate, stopping current leaking through.
From the big bang to hafnium oxide
The most direct chain from the start of the universe, following what things are made from and, for living things, what they evolved from. Each step shows when it first appeared.
big bang13.8 bn yrs ago
Hhydrogen13.8 bn yrs ago
water4.4 bn yrs ago
chlorine gas1774
hafnium oxide2007